1
Some
some做代词,可指代可数名词复数或不可数名词,表示“有些(人或事物)”,比如:Some girls disapprove of the idea. There is no food in the fridge, and I will go and buy some.
some也可以做限定词,限定可数名词复数或不可数名词,表示“若干,一些”,比如:Some students are in the classroom. There is some food in the fridge.
Some也可以限定可数名词单数,表示“某个”,比如:She is living at some place in Beijing.
2
Any
any可以指代名词,可以用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句、或条件状语从句中。any在句中可代替可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词,表示“任何一(几)个”或“任何一些”。
比如:‘Which colour do you want?’ ‘Any of them will do.’ “你要哪种颜色?”“随便哪种都行。”
She spent hardly any of the money. 这钱她几乎一点儿都没花。
I don't have pens. Are there any in your bag?你包里有钢笔吗?
If any ideas occur to you, please tell me. 如果你有什么想法,请告诉我。
any也可做限定词,限定可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词,可以用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句、或条件状语从句中。翻译为:“任何,任一”。
比如:Take any book you like. I didn’t have any questions. Are there any food in the fridge? He asked if we had any questions.
3
Some与Any的区别
some用在表达希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,而any用在一般的疑问句中,比如:Can I have some bananas? Would you like some bananas? Do you have any bananas? (一般疑问)
4
Other
- Other指代名词
other做代词,表示“别的,另一个(人或物)”,比如:This choice is better than any other. 这个选择比其他任何一个都好。
the other做代词,特指两者中的“另外一个”,比如:He was holding a cup of tea in one hand and a pen in the other.
others=other+名词,用法相当于名词性物主代词,比如:My friends know how outgoing I can be. To others, I seem pretty shy. (other=other people)
the others=the other+名词,用法相当于名词性物主代词,表示在某个确定的范围内“其余所有的”,比如:Tom is on his way here, with the others. 汤姆和其余的人正在来这儿的路上。
- Other做限定词
other做为限定词,后加可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词,表示“另外一些(additional)”或“不同(different)”,没有明确的范围。
比如:He would have to accept it; there was no other way. 他不得不接受它,没有别的办法。
We should look on other websites. 我们应该看看其他网站。
Other information can be found on our website. 其它信息可以在我们的网站上找到。
the other做限定词,后加可数名词单数,表示“另一个,比如:He went in the other direction. 他朝另一个方向走了。后加名词复数,表示在某个确定的范围内“其余所有的”,比如:He is taller than the other boys in our class.
5
Another
another作为代词,意思是“另一个(人或物)”,代指可数名词单数,比如:She has three kids and she can’t have another.
another也可以做限定词,后可接单数名词、of加复数名词或数字加复数名词。意思是“又一个(one more)”或“不同(different)”。
比如:We need another chair. 我们需要另一把椅子。
I got another of those calls yesterday. 昨天我又接了一个那样的电话。
I got another three exam papers to mark. 我还有三份试卷要判。
Let's do it another time. 咱们其他时间再办这件事吧。
6
写在最后
不定代词部分就讲到这,可以看到学习不定代词主要考虑它的两个用法。一个是指代名词,这个在阅读中非常重要,一定要弄清楚它指代的名词是什么,否则容易读到后边不知道在说什么了。另一个是做限定词。
学习时要注意对不定代词指代的名词的要求、做限定词时后面的名词形式,以及做主语时谓语动词的形式。
还有一些不定代词这里没有讲到,可以参照这部分的学习角度来学习这些不定代词。
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