1. will和would的用法.
(1)在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意思,would比will委婉客气。例如:
Will you send this for me,please? 请你替我把这封信寄出去好吗?
Would you open the door for me,please? 请给我开门好吗?
(2)表示意志、愿望和决心,可用于所有人称。例如:
I will never do that again. 我再也不做那种事情了。
He said he would be here at eight o'clock. 他说他将在八点钟到达这里。
(3)will表示一种习惯性动作,有“总是”之意。would也可以表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,表示习惯时对比used to正式,并没有“现在已无此习惯”的含义。例如:
She will listen to music,alone in her room,for hours.她总是独自一个人在屋里听音乐,一听就是几个小时。
When my parents were away,my grandmother would take care of me.
我父母外出的时候,总是祖母照看我。
(4)用“will be”和“will(would)+have+done”的结构表示推测,主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。例如:
That will be the doctor now. 这会儿准是医生来了。
You'll have had dinner already,I suppose. 我想,到时候你大概已经吃过饭了。
2. used to,had better和would rather的用法
(1)used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已经不存在,其否定形式为“didn't use to”。例如:
I used to go there every Saturday. 我以前每星期六都会去那儿。
I didn't use to like him much when we were at school. 以前我们是同学时,我并不太喜欢他。
She used to be very fat,didn't she? 她过去很胖,不是吗?
—Did she use to have long hair?/Used she to have long hair? 她过去留长发吗?
—Yes,she did./Yes,she used to. 是的,她留。
(2)had better意为“最好”,后接不带to的不定式。例如:
You'd better not do that again. 你最好别再这样做了。
(3)would rather意为“宁愿,更喜欢”,表选择,后接不带to的不定式。例如:
—Do you want to come with us? 你想跟我们一起来吗?
—No,I'd rather not. 不,我不想去。
Would you rather walk or take the bus? 你比较喜欢步行还是坐公共汽车?
由于would rather表选择,因而其后可接than。例如:
She would rather die than give a speech. 她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。
注意:used to,had better同ought to 一样没有过去式。
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