Say
I say – He/She/It says – We/They say
I will say – I am saying – I said – I have said
say来进行直接引用或间接引用。直接引用是指通过引号(“”)来直接准确地表达某人所说的话。间接引用指的是转述某人所说的话的大概意思。
直接引用:
He said “Hello.”
She said “It is a nice day.”
间接引用:
I said it was good.
They said they wouldn’t do it again.
Say的后面不可以直接使用宾语,需要再宾语前加to:
I said him hello.
I said hello to him.
Tell
I tell – She/He/It tells – They/We tellI will tell
I am telling – I told – I have told
1. Tell后面直接使用宾语:
Can you tell me?
You should never tell a lie.
The boy told us he didn’t want any money.
2. Tell somebody to do something,用来发出指令:
I told you to clean your room.
He told her not togo.
Speak
I speak –She/He/It speaks –They/We speak
I will speak –I am speaking –I spoke –I have spoken
Speak用来表示一般的谈话(不含谈话细节),通常用于比较正式的表达,speak后面可以加宾语也可以不加宾语:
I want to speak.
Can I speak to you?
Speak也用来表达语言能力:
I speak English well.
Do you speak Japanese?
Talk
I talk –She/He/It talks –They/We talk
I will talk –I am talking –I talked –I have talked
Talk和speak没有太明显的区别,只不过和speak相比,talk不那么正式。
I’d like to talk with you.
Shall we talk to them?
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